Which two health issues may be caused by the presence of aluminum, chloramines, copper, or zinc in dialysis water?

The presence of aluminum, chloramines, copper, or zinc in dialysis water can lead to significant health concerns, particularly anemia and hemolysis.

Aluminum exposure is known to negatively impact red blood cell production and can interfere with iron metabolism, leading to anemia. Hemolysis, which is the destruction of red blood cells, can also occur as a result of toxic effects from these contaminants. Chloramines, when present in dialysis water, can be particularly harmful, contributing to oxidative stress that may damage red blood cells, thereby exacerbating anemia and potentially leading to hemolytic reactions.

Understanding this connection emphasizes the importance of maintaining water quality in dialysis procedures, as contaminants can directly affect the health of patients undergoing treatment.