What purpose do membrane filters serve in water treatment?

Membrane filters play a critical role in water treatment by capturing small particles and certain solutes through a process known as filtration. These filters are designed with tiny pores that allow water to pass through while trapping contaminants, such as bacteria, viruses, and larger organic molecules. This ability to separate small impurities is vital for ensuring that the treated water is safe for consumption and meets health standards.

Unlike methods that alter the chemical properties of water, such as adding chemicals or changing pH levels, membrane filtration focuses on physical separation. Similarly, while some filters may remove larger debris, membrane filters are specifically engineered to handle much smaller particles, which fall below the size range of typical sediment filters. Enhancing the flavor of water is not a function of membrane filtration, as this process does not involve any additives that would change the water's taste.

Thus, the fundamental purpose of membrane filters in water treatment is to effectively remove unwanted small particles and solutes, contributing to the purification and quality of the water supplied for various uses.