What is the primary purpose of a reverse osmosis (RO) membrane in water treatment?

The primary purpose of a reverse osmosis (RO) membrane in water treatment is to remove dissolved solids. This process is critical because dissolved solids can include a wide range of contaminants such as salts, chlorine, heavy metals, and other impurities that can adversely affect water quality.

RO membranes operate on the principle of osmotic pressure, allowing only water molecules to pass through while rejecting larger particles and contaminants. This technology is effective in reducing total dissolved solids (TDS) in water, making it suitable for applications such as drinking water purification, industrial processes, and even wastewater treatment.

While the removal of minerals, bacteria, and pathogens may occur to varying degrees during reverse osmosis, the main focus and strength of the RO process lies in its ability to tackle dissolved solids effectively, thus ensuring the production of high-quality water that meets safety and health standards.