In a water treatment context, what is the main purpose of applying pressure to a membrane?

In water treatment, particularly in processes such as reverse osmosis, applying pressure to a membrane is crucial for its functionality. The primary purpose of this pressure is to overcome the natural osmotic pressure of the solution being treated. When pressure is applied, it forces water molecules through the semi-permeable membrane while leaving behind contaminants, salts, and impurities. This separation process is fundamental in reverse osmosis, as it allows for the production of purified water.

The application of pressure directly correlates to the efficiency and effectiveness of the filtration process, enabling a significant reduction in dissolved solids and other unwanted components. As a result, the system can deliver clean, safe water for various applications, from drinking water production to industrial processes.

While other options may mention different aspects of water treatment processes, they do not accurately describe the main purpose of applying pressure to a membrane in the context of reverse osmosis. The key focus here is the generation of reverse osmosis itself, making the correct choice clearly aligned with the primary function of pressure in membrane filtration systems.